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The courts of Northern Ireland are the civil and criminal courts responsible for the administration of justice in Northern Ireland: they are constituted and governed by Northern Ireland law. The United Kingdom does not have a single unified judicial system — England and Wales have one system, Scotland another, and Northern Ireland a third. There are exceptions to this rule, for example in immigration law, the jurisdiction of the First Tier Tribunal (Immigration & Asylum Chamber) and the Upper Tribunal covers the whole of the United Kingdom, while in employment law there is a single system of Employment Tribunals for England and Wales and Scotland (but not Northern Ireland). Additionally, the Military Court Service has jurisdiction over all members of the armed forces of the United Kingdom in relation to offences against military law. To overcome problems resulting from the intimidation of jurors and witnesses, the right to a jury trial in Northern Ireland was suspended for certain terrorist offences in 1972, and the so-called "Diplock courts" were introduced to try people charged with paramilitary activities. Diplock courts are common in Northern Ireland for crimes connected to terrorism. Administration of the courts is the responsibility of the Northern Ireland Courts and Tribunals Service. == Supreme Court of the United Kingdom == The Supreme Court of the United Kingdom was created by the Constitutional Reform Act 2005. It took its duties up on 1 October 2009. It is the highest court of appeal in Northern Ireland, hearing ultimate appeals from all the courts of the United Kingdom, other than Scottish criminal cases. The Supreme Court has taken over the appellate jurisdiction formerly vested in the House of Lords. == Court of Judicature == The Court of Judicature of Northern Ireland is constituted by the Judicature (Northern Ireland) Act 1978. Until 1 October 2009 its name was the Supreme Court of Judicature. The Court of Judicature is the most important superior court of Northern Ireland. It consists of the following courts:〔Section 1, Judicature (Northern Ireland) Act 1978〕 *The Court of Appeal in Northern Ireland (Court of Appeal, formally "Her Majesty’s Court of Appeal in Northern Ireland"〔(Interpretation Act 1978 sch. 1 )〕) *The High Court of Justice in Northern Ireland (High Court, formally "Her Majesty's High Court of Justice in Northern Ireland"〔(Interpretation Act 1978 sch. 1 )〕) *The Crown Court The title of the court was changed〔Subsection 59(2) of The Constitutional Reform Act 2005〕 on 1 October 2009 when the relevant provisions of the Constitutional Reform Act 2005 came into force establishing the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Courts of Northern Ireland」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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